Identifying and Evading Malicious EXE Files on Windows

If you fear a file may be hazardous, there are multiple methods to verify its safety prior to utilization.

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Cybercriminals frequently employ malicious EXE files to disseminate malware, ransomware, or spyware. Consequently, you must be capable of identifying and evading potentially detrimental files to protect your device from infection.

Verify the file name, extension, size, and source

Analyzing essential characteristics of a file can assist in identifying possibly harmful EXE files. Commence by verifying the file name and its extension. A file named generically, such as "install.exe" or "update.exe," or one that has double extensions (e.g., "file.pdf.exe"), may indicate a potential threat.

The size of a file may serve as an indicator. Files that are abnormally little or disproportionately large relative to the anticipated size of the corresponding software may be indicative of malevolent intent. To mitigate the danger of infection, consistently obtain files from legitimate sources and refrain from executing files received via unsolicited emails or social media links.

Execute the File Using Antivirus Software

Heed any warnings from your antivirus program when attempting to open or download an EXE file. Instead of downloading it immediately, conduct a file-specific scan utilizing Microsoft Defender. If use third-party antivirus software, right-click the file and choose the option to scan it with your installed application.

Should the scan identify the file as suspicious or harmful, promptly delete it to safeguard your system. Do not execute a dubious file merely to ascertain its safety; this may result in data theft, malware, and many security vulnerabilities. Furthermore, ensure your antivirus software is activated to receive immediate notifications on any potentially malicious files that may infiltrate your machine.

Although Windows Defender typically identifies threats and notifies users immediately, I opt to install a third-party antivirus on my machine for enhanced security.

Examine the file utilizing VirusTotal

To ascertain the potential maliciousness of an executable file without downloading it, consider utilizing VirusTotal. This online tool analyzes files and URLs using various antivirus engines and databases to get a comprehensive report on potential dangers. This may inhibit you from downloading a possibly harmful EXE file.

To utilize this tool:

• Navigate to VirusTotal.

• Choose the URL tab, insert the URL of the hosted file, and hit Enter. VirusTotal will thereafter present outcomes from various antivirus engines.

If dangers are detected, refrain from downloading the file. If you have already downloaded it, you may upload the file straight to VirusTotal for malware scanning.

Examine the Digital Signature

One can ascertain the legitimacy of an EXE file by examining its digital signature. This serves as a "seal of approval" from the software's publisher, verifying that the file remains unaltered since its signing. Exercise cautious if the file is devoid of a digital signature or identifies an unanticipated publisher.

To examine the digital signature:

• Right-click the EXE file and choose Properties.

• Navigate to the Digital Signatures tab. Choose the signature, click on Details, and then select View Certificate to verify the issuer.

If a trusted publisher is indicated, navigate to the Certification Path page to verify that it indicates, "This Certificate Is OK."

Activate Windows SmartScreen Protection

Windows SmartScreen is a built-in security function that evaluates files and apps against a threat database, notifying users of potential hazards associated with suspicious files or applications on their computer. Although this feature is generally activated by default on Windows 10/11, it is essential to verify that the SmartScreen filters are enabled.

To confirm the activation of SmartScreen:

• Right-click the Start button and select Settings.

• Subsequently, proceed to Privacy & Security > Windows Security > Apps & browser control, and select Reputation-based protection options.

• Verify that all four filters are activated, particularly the Check programs and files filter.

  
  

This is how to identify a rogue EXE file. By adhering to official sources and following the aforementioned methods, you can readily identify malicious files and contribute to the security of your computer.